Journal of the Taiwan Institute of Chemical Engineers

5.3(top 5%)

impact factor

5.2K(top 5%)

papers

115.2K(top 5%)

citations

109(top 5%)

h-index

5.4(top 5%)

extended IF

5.4K

all documents

121.4K

doc citations

151(top 5%)

g-index

Top Authors (by article citations)

#	Author	Articles	Citations	R ARank	R CRank
1	Saravanan Rajendran	1	333	2	2
1	Vengidusamy Narayanan	1	333	3	1
1	Stephen Arumainathan	1	333	2	1
1	Vinod Kumar Gupta	1	333	6	8
5	Zafar Hayat Khan	1	233	6	2
5	Sohail Nadeem	1	233	13	4
5	Rizwan Ul Haq	1	233	3	1
8	Dd Ganji	3	491	5	3
8	Mohsen Sheikholeslami	2	325	3	5
10	Majid Aliabadi	1	173	1	1
10	mohammad Irani	1	173	1	1
12	Sana Sadaf	1	169	3	1
12	Haq Nawaz Bhatti	1	169	4	1
14	Alimorad Rashidi	2	170	2	6
14	Habibollah Younesi	1	154	2	2
16	Muthanna J Ahmed	1	147	2	1
17	Ammar S Dawood	1	130	1	1
17	Aref Alshameri	3	159	1	1
17	Yasir Al-Ani	1	130	1	1
20	Ali Fakhri	1	125	1	1
21	Ammar Mushtaq	1	124	1	1
21	Meraj Mustafa	2	205	2	1
21	Jinde Cao	2	215	15	4
24	Chiing-Chang Chen	4	325	1	1
25	Runping Han	1	116	1	2
26	Reza Darvishi Cheshmeh Soltani	3	262	1	2
26	Alireza Khataee	5	384	2	2
28	Hakan F Oztop	1	104	6	3
28	J Das	1	104	1	1
28	Fatih Selimefendigil	1	104	4	3
31	Mohammad Hatami	1	103	6	10
31	khashayar Hosseinzadeh	1	103	1	3
33	Niyaz Mohammad Mahmoodi	1	101	4	5
34	Ahmad M Mohammad	1	100	1	1
34	Mohamed A Hassan	1	100	1	1
36	Hamid Reza Ghaffari	2	129	1	1
36	Kamaladdin Karimyan	1	92	1	1
36	Mohammad Noori Sepehr	2	129	1	1
36	Mansur Zarrabi	3	170	1	1
40	Said Lazar	2	160	1	1
40	Said El Antri	2	160	1	1
40	My Rachid Laamari	2	160	1	1
40	Mohammadine El Haddad	2	160	1	1
40	Abdelmajid Regti	2	160	1	1
45	Miljana Prica	1	88	1	1
45	Zoltán Kónya	1	88	4	2
45	Akos Kukovecz	1	88	4	1
45	Gabor Kozma	1	88	1	1
49	Reza Bazargan-Lari	1	87	1	1
49	Hamid Reza Zafarani	1	87	1	1
51	Haiping Yuan	1	86	1	1
52	Uroš D Miljić	1	85	1	1
53	Ponnusamy Senthil Kumar	1	84	3	3
55	Mustafa Gazi	1	83	1	3
55	Wan Azelee Wan Abu Bakar	1	83	1	1
55	Wan Nur Aini Wan Mokhtar	1	83	1	1
55	Akeem Adeyemi Oladipo	1	83	1	2
55	Samaneh Saber-Samandari	1	83	1	3
60	Heshmatollah Nourmoradi	1	82	1	1
61	Saeid Abbasbandy	2	128	1	3
61	Sadia Hina	1	81	1	1
63	Huan Chen	1	78	2	1
64	salman Alizadeh Kordkandi	1	77	1	1
64	Chi-Jung Chang	2	92	1	4
66	Vahid Mahdavi	1	72	1	1
66	Ali Monajemi	1	72	1	1
68	Suresh Sivan	1	70	3	3
68	Selvaraj Jegadheeswaran	1	70	1	1
70	Aydin Hassani	2	135	1	1
70	Seyed Majid Ghoreishian	1	69	1	1
70	Majid Montazer	1	69	6	6
70	Majid Montazer	1	69	7	6
70	Mohammad Norouzi	1	69	1	1
75	Semra Karaca	1	66	1	3
75	Zhe Jia	1	66	1	1
75	Daryoush Habibi	1	66	1	2
75	Lai Chang Zhang	1	66	5	5
79	Mohsen Jahanshahi	1	65	3	4
81	Ali Akbar Zinatizadeh	2	80	1	3
82	Nguyen Ngoc Thang	1	63	1	1
82	Jui-Hsiang Liu	1	63	1	1
82	Adnan Adnan	1	63	1	1
85	Yeng-Fong Shih	1	61	1	1
86	Huan-Ping Chao	1	60	1	2
86	Antonio Pizzi	1	60	8	5
88	Mohamad Reza Khosravi-Nikou	1	57	2	2
88	Ehsan Daneshvar	1	57	1	1
88	Amit Bhatnagar	1	57	2	7
88	Reza Khalighi	1	57	1	1
88	Bahar Aliakbarian	1	57	1	4
88	Attilio Converti	1	57	3	3
88	Masoud Kousha	1	57	1	1
95	Vladimir S Egorkin	2	92	1	1
95	Dmitry Mashtalyar	2	92	1	1
95	Sergeiy Leonidovich Sinebryukhov	2	92	2	1
95	Allan Matthews	1	56	1	3
95	Sergey V Gnedenkov	2	92	2	1
100	Adnan Saeed Butt	2	69	1	1
101	Gholamreza Kefayati	2	97	3	3
101	Sivakumar Ponnusamy	1	54	1	1
101	Mohammad Kooti	1	54	1	1
104	Jayanthi Abraham	2	64	1	1
104	Behzad Aghabarari	2	70	1	1
104	Kaifang Fu	1	53	1	1
104	Maria Victoria Martinez Huerta	1	53	1	2
104	Qinyan Yue	1	53	7	7
104	Behrouz Vahid	1	53	1	1
110	Luminita Silaghi-Dumitrescu	1	52	1	1
110	Ramakrishnan Kamaraj	1	52	1	1
110	Zeljko Radovanovic	1	52	1	2
110	Mohamed Deyab	1	52	2	4
110	Katarina R Mihajlovski	1	52	1	1
110	Andrada Maicaneanu	1	52	1	1
110	Aneta Buntić	1	52	1	2
110	Cerasella Indolean	1	52	1	1
110	Subramanyan Vasudevan	1	52	1	3
119	Chi-Chang Hu	2	86	5	3
120	Yuanhua Lin	1	49	1	2
120	Mumtaz Quraishi	1	49	2	4
120	Ambrish Singh	1	49	1	3
123	Jing-Yong Liu	1	48	1	2
124	Rouein Halladj	1	47	1	3
124	Nor Azimah Mohd Zain	1	47	1	1
124	Ali Chamkha	1	47	6	8
124	A.M. Rashad	1	47	2	3
124	Amin Talebian-Kiakalaieh	1	47	1	2
124	Amin, Nas	1	47	3	6
124	Alireza Zarei	1	47	1	1
131	Angelo Earvin S Choi	1	46	1	1
131	Cybelle Morales Futalan	1	46	1	2
131	Neda Asasian-Kolur	1	46	1	2
131	Nathaniel Dugos	1	46	1	1
131	Tahereh kaghazchi	1	46	2	2
131	Mohammad Kavand	1	46	1	1
131	Menng-Wei Wan	1	46	1	2
131	Susan Roces	1	46	1	1
131	Neda Asasian	1	46	1	2
141	Ganesan Sekaran	1	45	1	1
141	Sekar Karthikeyan	1	45	2	2
141	Anil Kumar Madhava	2	66	1	1
141	Chi-Wen Lin	1	45	1	2
141	Maharaja Pounsamy	1	45	1	1
146	Felicity A Roddick	1	44	1	4
146	Faisal I Hai	2	78	2	6
146	William E Price	2	78	2	8
146	Frederic Dl Leusch	1	44	3	7
146	Long D. Nghiem	2	78	7	12
146	Luong Ngoc Nguyen	2	78	1	2
146	Saleh F Magram	1	44	1	4
153	Suyin Gan	1	42	2	3
153	Lai Yee Lee	1	42	1	1
153	Abdullah M. Asiri	5	141	3	18
153	Sher Bahadar Khan	3	94	2	3
153	Md. Mahmud Alam	3	94	2	2
153	Sivakumar Venkatachalam	1	42	4	4
153	Mohammed M Rahman	3	94	2	3
153	Xin Jiat Lee	1	42	1	1
153	Hadi M Marwani	2	68	1	2
162	Najeeb Khan	1	41	4	2
162	Hossein Abolghasemi	1	41	2	3
162	Hidemitsu Furukawa	1	41	2	1
162	Jin Gong	1	41	2	1
162	Hooman Fatoorehchi	1	41	2	3
162	Hossein Kazemian	1	41	1	4
162	Monoj Kumar Mondal	1	41	1	1
169	Sebastien Leveneur	1	40	1	2
169	JitKang Lim	1	40	3	8
169	Tapio Salmi	1	40	4	8
169	Bechara Taouk	1	40	1	2
169	Abdul Latif Ahmad	1	40	5	9
169	Johan Wärnå	1	40	3	2
175	Keju Jing	1	39	1	2
175	Youping Xie	1	39	1	2
175	I-Son Ng	1	39	4	4
175	Yutaka Kitamura	1	39	2	2
179	Bassim H Hameed	1	38	7	10
179	Olumide Bolarinwa Ayodele	1	38	2	2
179	Ai Borhan	1	38	1	3
179	Petrisor Samoila	1	38	1	2
179	Vasile Hulea	1	38	2	5
179	Mohammad Asif	1	38	3	8
185	Kaan Yetilmezsoy	1	37	1	1
185	Sheng-Jie You	2	42	1	2
187	Ludmila B Boinovich	1	36	2	3
188	Malik Abdul Rub	2	47	4	9
188	Ting Sun	1	35	1	3
188	Rizwan Hasan Khan	1	35	5	14
188	Javed Masood Khan	1	35	1	4
188	Hong-Tao Fan	1	35	1	2
193	Ming Chun Lu	2	64	1	1
193	James I Colades	1	34	1	1
193	Rajamohan Natarajan	1	34	1	2
193	Ruey-Shin Juang	5	104	1	1
193	Mark Daniel G De Luna	2	64	1	1
193	Ren-Jang Wu	3	51	1	3
193	Murthy Chavali	1	34	4	2
193	Rajasimman	1	34	2	4
202	Vimal Chandra Srivastava	1	33	5	5
202	Hamad A Al-Lohedan	1	33	3	4
202	seema singh	1	33	1	2
202	Ayman M Atta	1	33	5	4
206	Chi‑Min Shu	2	49	2	2
206	Jiann-Rong Chen	1	32	1	1
206	Chi-Min Shu	1	32	2	2
210	Alireza Bahadori	1	31	5	10
210	Xiaodong Liu	1	31	2	8
210	Si-Yu Li	1	31	1	1
210	Chien-Te Hsieh	2	40	1	4
210	Lei Ding	1	31	1	1
210	Jiansheng Li	2	57	1	7
210	I-Lung Chien	3	45	2	2
210	Arash	1	31	2	4
210	Farhad Gharagheizi	1	31	4	4
221	Goodarz Ahmadi	1	30	6	10
221	Kuo-Lin Huang	1	30	1	2
221	Ralf Ruffel M Abarca	1	30	1	1
221	Martin Olazar	1	30	5	9
221	Seyyed Hossein Hosseini	1	30	1	3
221	Susilawati Toemen	1	30	1	1
221	Ah Zamani	1	30	1	1
228	Zhongfang Lei	2	47	2	5
228	Mohammad Reaza Rahimpour	5	94	2	6
228	Joanna Goscianska	1	29	2	3
228	Anna Olejnik	1	29	1	1
228	Robert Pietrzak	1	29	2	3
228	M Bayat	5	94	1	1
234	Avelino Núñez Delgado	1	28	2	4
234	María José Fernández-Sanjurjo	1	28	2	4
234	Chao Si	1	28	1	1
234	Sylviana Sutanto	1	28	2	3
234	Xiao-Dong Wang	1	28	2	7
234	Chie-Shaan Su	1	28	1	1
234	Suryadi Ismadji	1	28	2	6
234	Shahrokh Shahhosseini	1	28	1	3
234	Alchris Woo Go	1	28	1	2
234	Yi-Hsu Ju	2	52	1	2
234	갑진 황	1	28	1	1
234	Manuel Arias Estévez	1	28	2	5
234	Esperanza Álvarez	1	28	2	4
247	Yu-Jen Shih	2	48	1	1
247	Chunyu Zhou	1	27	2	3
247	Tao Sun	1	27	1	2
250	Khalid A Alamry	1	26	2	5
250	Yung-Chuan Liu	2	40	1	3
250	Adel A Ismail	1	26	2	10
253	Cheng Cheng	1	25	1	4
253	Ping Ning	1	25	1	2
253	Jian Zhang	1	25	2	5
253	Ping	1	25	1	1
253	Sheng Lin	1	25	1	2
258	Felycia Edi Soetaredjo	1	24	1	2
258	Muhammad Asif Hanif	1	24	1	1
258	Muhammad Nadeem Zafar	1	24	1	1
258	Afzal Karimi	2	40	1	2
258	Maria Yuliana	1	24	1	2
258	Yung-Chih Kuo	3	39	1	4
258	Abraham Joseph	1	24	1	1
258	Abbas Hamid Sulaymon	1	24	2	2
258	Raziya Nadeem	1	24	1	1
258	Sitti Faika	1	24	1	1
269	Zhanyong Wang	1	23	2	3
269	Mostafa Ghasemi	1	23	2	7
269	Chun Huang	2	33	2	1
269	Chunli Wan	3	61	2	3
269	Amirreza Khataee	1	23	1	1
269	Juhana Jaafar	1	23	2	3
269	S Sridhar	2	42	1	3
269	Noureddine Barka	1	23	1	2
269	Ahmad Fauzi Ismail	1	23	13	21
269	Chung-Shin Lu	1	23	1	2
279	Nadia Morin-Crini	1	22	1	2
279	Corina Bradu	1	22	1	2
279	Peter Winterton	1	22	1	2
279	Sorin Avramescu	1	22	1	1
279	Waqar A Khan	1	22	5	9
279	Azael Martinez-de La Cruz	1	22	2	4
279	Bouchaib Manoun	1	22	1	1
279	Grégorio Crini	1	22	1	4
279	Fazle Mabood	1	22	1	2
279	Giuseppe Trunfio	1	22	1	2
279	Bor-Yann Chen	2	24	2	2
279	Pierre-Marie Badot	1	22	1	3
291	Jun Hou	1	21	1	9
291	Sathishkumar K	1	21	1	1
291	Xiangyu Wang	1	21	1	2
291	Jun Hou	1	21	1	6
291	Seenuvasan Muthulingam	1	21	1	2
291	Yan-Hui Ao	1	21	2	8
291	Jia-Cheng E Yang	1	21	1	2
291	Rajat Chakraborty	1	21	1	4
291	J Iyyappan	1	21	1	1
291	Jin Qian	1	21	2	8
291	Kala Selvi Prabakaran	1	21	1	1
302	Heng-Kwong Tsao	1	20	3	5
302	Bing-Yan Han	1	20	3	3
302	Yulin Tang	1	20	1	2
302	Yu-Jane Sheng	1	20	3	6
302	Weiben Yang	1	20	1	3
302	Yen-Han Lin	1	20	2	1
302	Yunhai Zhang	1	20	1	2
309	Abbas Rezaee	1	19	1	4
309	Bita - Ayati	1	19	1	1
309	Aldo Malvin	1	19	1	1
309	Phei-Li Lau	1	19	1	1
309	Ahmad Jonidi Jafari	1	19	2	8
309	Jalal Foroozesh	1	19	1	1
309	Mahdi Safari	1	19	1	1
309	Andy Chan	1	19	1	2
317	Hsien-Tsung Wu	1	18	1	1
317	Yunus Önal	1	18	1	3
317	Angelique Leonard	1	18	2	4
317	Hsiu-Po Kuo	1	18	3	3
317	Tolga Depci	1	18	1	2
317	Stéphanie D Lambert	1	18	1	4
317	Mohd. Rafatullah	1	18	2	10
317	Zhang Yi	1	18	1	2
317	Wong Yee-Shian	1	18	1	2
317	Tariq Mahmood	1	18	2	1
317	Tjoon-Tow Teng	1	18	4	4
317	Yu-Lin Kuo	1	18	1	5
317	An-Ni Huang	1	18	3	2
317	Yao-Hsuan Tseng	1	18	1	4
331	Shee-Keat Mah	1	17	1	1
331	W P Cathie Lee	1	17	1	1
331	Wei Sea Chang	1	17	2	5
331	Lata Nain	1	17	1	8
331	Rameshwar Tiwari	1	17	1	6
331	Amanda Ellis	1	17	1	4
331	Shiji Zhou	1	17	1	2
331	Ta Yeong Wu	1	17	3	8
331	Balkar Singh	1	17	1	1
331	Choe Peng Leo	1	17	1	5
331	Kumar Pranaw	1	17	1	2
331	Siang-Piao Chai	1	17	3	14
331	Xinming Qian	1	17	1	1
331	Surender Singh	1	17	1	6
345	Shahram Sharifnia	1	16	2	3
345	Akon Higuchi	1	16	3	8
345	Javad Saien	1	16	1	3
345	Suresh Kumar Subbiah	1	16	2	4
345	Mohd Ali Hashim	1	16	2	10
345	Farook Adam	3	37	1	4
345	Chun-han Hou	1	16	1	4
345	Mohammad Taghi Sadeghi	1	16	1	1
345	Gholamreza Dehghan	1	16	2	6
345	Ahmad Shamiri	1	16	1	5
345	Mohamed Kheireddine Aroua	1	16	1	9
357	Aligholi Niaei	1	15	1	4
357	Tsung-Lin Yang	1	15	3	10
357	Chih-Ming Chou	1	15	1	2
357	Seyed Reza Nabavi	1	15	1	1
357	Seyed Ali Hosseini	1	15	1	1
357	Xueyi	1	15	1	4
357	Kasim Mohammed Hello	1	15	1	2
357	Tammar Hussein Ali	1	15	1	1
357	Fu-Hsing Lu	1	15	1	1
357	Liuchun Zheng	1	15	1	1
357	Chien-Kuang Chen	1	15	1	5
357	Chih-Ming Chen	1	15	3	6
370	Ming-Der Ger	3	24	1	5
370	Siwen Gu	1	14	1	3
370	Chia-Liang Sun	1	14	1	5
370	Ana Luísa C Magalhães	1	14	1	2
370	Carlos M. Silva	1	14	2	3
370	Seyed Mahmoud Mousavi	1	14	1	4
376	Mangesh V Damre	1	13	1	4
376	Abhay Sangamwar	1	13	3	8
376	Antoine Venault	2	19	2	4
376	Yong-Yu Jhan	1	13	1	1
376	Gaurao V Dhoke	1	13	1	2
376	Ming-Tsai Liang	1	13	1	1
376	Yung Chang	1	13	4	10
383	Bode Haryanto	1	12	1	1
383	Marli Camassola	1	12	2	8
383	Naved Azum	1	12	4	12
383	Guohua Chen	1	12	4	14
383	Mohammad Mehdi Khodaei	1	12	2	2
383	Stephen Hobbs	1	12	1	3
383	Qing-yu Li	1	12	1	1
383	Aftab Aslam Parwaz Khan	1	12	4	6
383	Anish Khan	1	12	3	8
383	Mingyong Xiong	1	12	1	2
383	Chih-Ching Chien	1	12	1	2
383	Xiao-Hui Zhang	1	12	1	1
383	Li Wang	1	12	1	2
383	Hong-Qiang Wang	1	12	2	4
383	Mostafa Feyzi	1	12	1	5
399	Abbas Khosravi	1	11	2	9
399	Mohammad Anwar Hosen	1	11	2	2
399	Saeid Nahavandi	1	11	5	16
399	ChangKyoo Yoo	1	11	4	8
399	Atsushi Harada	1	11	2	4
399	Jeffrey D Ward	1	11	1	2
399	Bruno M Ameduri	1	11	3	5
399	Eiji Yuba	1	11	3	4
407	Min-Hao Yuan	1	10	1	3
407	Nagahiro Saito	1	10	3	10
407	Christopher G Whiteley	1	10	1	1
407	M. Sh. Zoromba	1	10	1	5
407	Anyarat Watthanaphanit	1	10	1	3
407	Yong-Kang Heo	1	10	1	3
407	Cheng-che Hsu	1	10	3	12
407	Kevin C-W Wu	1	10	3	16
407	Hong-Wei Yen	1	10	2	3
407	Je-Lueng Shie	1	10	2	4
407	Li-Jen Chen	1	10	1	4
418	Mehul Khimani	1	9	1	2
418	Thomas C.-K. Yang	1	9	1	5
418	Tzi-Yi Wu	1	9	3	6
418	Shin-Ichi Yusa	1	9	2	4
418	Yingxin Liu	1	9	1	3
418	Shi-Shang Jang	1	9	2	4
418	Toyoko Imae	3	22	1	6
418	Shuguang Deng	1	9	5	13
418	Zuojun Wei	1	9	1	3
418	Ji Hyun Lee, 이지현	1	9	1	1
429	Fei Shen	1	8	2	8
429	Kwang-Joong Oh	1	8	2	2
429	Cesar Augusto Andrade-Tacca	1	8	1	2
429	Amir Heidari	1	8	1	1
429	Nor Saadah Mohd Yusof	1	8	1	1
429	Chia-Hung Su	1	8	1	2
429	Omid Alizadeh	1	8	1	2
429	Yanzong Zhang	1	8	1	4
429	Peng Liu	1	8	2	9
429	Amir Heidari	1	8	1	1
429	Masaki Ujihara	1	8	1	1
429	Sorood Zahedi Abghari	1	8	1	1
429	Chia-Chi Chang	1	8	1	1
429	Chia-Chi Chang	1	8	1	2
443	Shi-Yow Lin	1	7	1	5
443	Churl-Hee Cho	1	7	1	2
443	Wei-Lung Chou	1	7	1	1
443	Paola G Pittoni	1	7	1	4
443	Yesong Gu	1	7	1	3
443	Sona Raeissi	1	7	3	5
443	Pilar Flores	1	7	1	6
443	Simon Navarro	1	7	1	5
443	Wei-Bor Tsai	1	7	4	9
443	Isabel Garrido	1	7	1	2
443	Pilar Hellin	1	7	1	6
443	Zhike Wang	1	7	1	1
443	Reza Haghbakhsh	1	7	1	3
443	Jose Fenoll	1	7	1	8
443	Lilian Tsai-Wei Lin	1	7	1	1
443	Hossein Hayer	1	7	1	1
460	Jih-Mirn Jehng	1	6	1	1
460	Eng-Poh Ng	1	6	2	6
460	Céline Pochat-Bohatier	1	6	1	4
460	Rino R Mukti	1	6	2	4
464	Muhammad Atiqullah	1	5	2	3
464	Sagir Adamu	1	5	1	2
464	Mamdouh Ahmed Al-Harthi	1	5	1	8
468	Manuri brahmayya	1	4	1	1
468	Marta Izquierdo	1	4	1	2
468	Yueqing Gu	1	4	1	6
468	Mohammad Almasi	1	4	1	4
468	Daidi Fan	1	4	3	14
468	Yane Luo	1	4	1	2
468	Bo-Tau Liu	1	4	1	6
468	Yuan-Yuan Duan	1	4	2	13
468	Paula Marzal	1	4	1	1
468	Wenjiao Xue	1	4	1	3
468	Chi-Wei Lan	2	6	1	4
468	Tsong-Rong Yan	1	4	1	1
468	Carmen GabaldÓn	1	4	1	2
481	Mani Arulkumar	1	3	1	1
481	Dan Li	1	3	1	1
481	Ranjith Kumar Kankala	1	3	1	3
484	Yun-Peng Chao	1	2	1	5
484	Marie-Pierre Krafft	1	2	1	7
484	Yu-Hong Wei	1	2	1	1
487	Milan Kojic	1	1	2	9
487	Danica Agbaba	1	1	1	5
487	Natasa Golic	1	1	1	3
487	Slavica Filipic	1	1	1	4
487	Largate Leila	1	1	1	1
487	Nouar Leila	1	1	2	3
487	Katarina M Nikolić	1	1	2	8
487	Brankica Filipic	1	1	1	2
487	Branko Jovčić	1	1	1	3
497	Feng-Sheng Wang	1	0	1	0
497	Chi-Ying F Huang	1	0	1	7
497	Shahriar Osfouri	1	0	1	2

Scientometrics

Overviews

Citing Bodies

Journal of the Taiwan Institute of Chemical Engineers

Top Authors (by article citations)